NetworkThreat ModelConfigurationsUnprotectedUnprotected on the open internet ❌IP hidden · P1@L2❌Req-unlink · P2@L2❌Local net · P1@L3L❌Global net · P1@L3G✅FastL2The destination❌P1❌P2SeesReal client IPEvery requestAll request timing and contentResidual / countermeasureEverything is exposed with no adversarial effort. This is the baseline network protection must improve on.L3LLocal network observerSeesEndpoints, timing and volume of the exchanged flowsL3GGlobal network observerSeesEndpoints, timing and volume (collapses with L3L on a direct connection)Cons / mitigationsNeeds IP hiding, then timing and content disciplineFitBaseline only: offers no protectionVerdicts and the latency implied by the path are an illustrative model, not measured values.Choose a DefenceVPN